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Rishi coffin
Rishi coffins are Ancient Egyptian coffins decorated all over with a feather design. They are typical of the Egyptian Second Intermediate Period (around 1650 to 1550 BC). The name comes from ريشة ("risha"), Arabic for feather.
In the Egyptian Old and Middle Kingdom coffins were rectangular. Only in the 12th Dynasty appear the first coffins in anthropoid (human) shape copying in design mummies showing a human head and the body without arms and legs as if they are wrapped in linen. These coffins were always in a set of several coffins with the outer coffin being rectangular. Perhaps already in the 13th Dynasty these anthropoid coffins were decorated all over with a feather design and are no longer placed within an outer, rectangular coffin. These are the first rishi coffins. The earliest example mentioned in literature is the coffin of the ''scribe of the great enclosure'' Neferhotep, dating to the 13th Dynasty.〔Gianluca Miniaci, Stephen Quirke: ''Mariette at Dra Abu el-Naga and the tomb of Neferhotep: a mid-13th dynasty coffin (?)'', In: ''Egitto e Vicino Oriente'', 31 (2008), 1-25〕 However, this coffin was only described by the excavator and is now lost. The earliest secure known examples of rishi coffins belong to the kings of the 17th Dynasty and were found in the 19th century at Thebes. The depicted person most often wears a ''nemes'' headdress, the body is covered with feathers, there is an inscription in the middle going from the top to the bottom and on the chest are shown a vulture and a cobra, both royal symbols.
From the 17th Dynasty are also known many private rishi coffins. This type of coffin is still attested in the early New Kingdom, but is later replaced by other coffin types.
== Literature ==
* Gianluca Miniaci: ''Rishi Coffins and the Funerary Culture of Second Intermediate Period Egypt'', London 2011, ISBN 978-1-906137-24-3
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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